空壓機頻繁加卸載原因及故障分析

部分用戶(hù)在使用空壓機的過(guò)程中經(jīng)常會(huì )遇到空壓機加卸載頻繁這種狀況，而出現這種情況的原因主要有以下幾類(lèi)：

Some users often encounter frequent loading and unloading of air compressor in the process of using air compressor, and the main reasons for this situation are as follows:

1、供氣壓力和卸載壓力設定的數值過(guò)于接近

1. The set values of air supply pressure and unloading pressure are too close

當空壓機達到供氣壓力時(shí)，若用氣量突然減小，變頻器來(lái)不及控制電機減速，就會(huì )造成產(chǎn)氣量過(guò)大，從而造成卸載的情況。

When the air compressor reaches the air supply pressure, if the air consumption suddenly decreases and the frequency converter has no time to control the motor deceleration, it will cause excessive gas production and unloading.

解決方法：將供氣壓力和卸載壓力之間的差值設的大些，通常差值≥0.05MPa

Solution: set the difference between gas supply pressure and unloading pressure larger, usually the difference is greater than or equal to 0.05Mpa

2、當電機恒定頻率運行時(shí)，面板顯示壓力上下波動(dòng)

2. When the motor runs at a constant frequency, the panel shows that the pressure fluctuates up and down

解決方法：換一個(gè)壓力傳感器。

Solution: change a pressure sensor.

3、用戶(hù)用氣量不穩定

3. Unstable gas consumption

用戶(hù)用氣量不穩定，會(huì )突然增加減少很大的用氣量。此時(shí)供氣壓力就會(huì )出現變動(dòng)，變頻器控制電機變頻改變輸出氣量來(lái)維持供氣壓力穩定。但是電機的轉速變化都是有速度的，當這個(gè)速度跟不上用氣端的用氣變化速度時(shí)就會(huì )造成機器的壓力波動(dòng)，然后可能會(huì )出現加卸載的情況。

The user's gas consumption is unstable, which will suddenly increase and reduce a lot of gas consumption. At this time, the air supply pressure will change, and the frequency converter controls the motor to change the output air volume to maintain the stable air supply pressure. But the change of motor speed has speed. When this speed can't keep up with the change speed of gas end, it will cause the pressure fluctuation of the machine, and then loading and unloading may occur.

解決方法：避免突然使用多臺用氣設備，可以一臺一臺的開(kāi)啟用氣的設備。（2）將變頻器的變頻速度調快，讓輸出氣量的改變速度增快來(lái)適應用氣量的變化。（3）用大容量的儲氣罐來(lái)緩沖。

Solution: avoid the sudden use of multiple gas equipment, you can turn on the gas equipment one by one. (2) Adjust the frequency conversion speed of frequency converter to make the change speed of output gas increase to adapt to the change of gas consumption. (3) Buffer with a large capacity air tank.

4、用戶(hù)用氣量過(guò)小

4. The gas consumption of users is too small

通常變頻空壓機的變頻范圍為30%~100%，異步變頻空壓機的變頻范圍為50%~100%。當用戶(hù)用氣量小于壓縮機下限輸出氣量時(shí)，氣量達到設定的供氣壓力以后，這時(shí)候變頻器會(huì )控制電機降頻下限頻率以下限輸出氣量來(lái)輸出壓縮氣體，但是因為用氣量太小，供氣壓力就會(huì )繼續升高，直到卸載壓力，機器卸載。然后供氣壓力下降，壓力下降低于加載壓力時(shí)，機器重新加載。

Generally, the frequency range of variable frequency air compressor is 30% ~ 100%, and the frequency range of asynchronous variable frequency air compressor is 50% ~ 100%. When the user's gas consumption is less than the lower limit output gas of the compressor, and the gas volume reaches the set gas supply pressure, the frequency converter will control the motor to reduce the frequency below the lower limit frequency and limit the output gas volume to output compressed gas. However, because the gas consumption is too small, the gas supply pressure will continue to rise until the unloading pressure and the machine unloading. Then the air supply pressure drops, and when the pressure drops below the loading pressure, the machine reloads.

對這種情況做一個(gè)分析。就是當用氣量很小機器卸載時(shí)，該不該讓壓縮機進(jìn)入休眠狀態(tài)，或者說(shuō)卸載多少時(shí)間以后再進(jìn)入休眠狀態(tài)。當機器卸載時(shí)，用氣端也是在用氣的，但是一旦壓縮機進(jìn)入休眠狀態(tài)以后，壓縮機不在產(chǎn)生用氣，這時(shí)候供氣壓力會(huì )下降，下降加載壓力后，機器加載。

Make an analysis of this situation. That is, when the gas consumption is very small, when the machine is unloaded, should the compressor enter the sleep state, or how much time after unloading to enter the sleep state. When the machine is unloaded, the gas end is also using gas, but once the compressor enters the sleep state, the compressor will no longer produce gas. At this time, the gas supply pressure will drop. When it drops to the loading pressure, the machine will load.

這里會(huì )出現一種情況，就是當機器從休眠狀態(tài)開(kāi)始重新啟動(dòng)時(shí)，用戶(hù)的壓力還在下降，很可能會(huì )出現供氣壓力低于加載壓力，甚遠低于加載壓力的情況，造成供氣壓力過(guò)低或者供氣壓力波動(dòng)大的情形。所以建議卸載后進(jìn)入休眠狀態(tài)的時(shí)間不宜過(guò)短。

There will be a situation here, that is, when the machine starts to restart from the sleep state, the user's pressure is still falling. It is very likely that the air supply pressure is lower than the loading pressure, or even far lower than the loading pressure, resulting in the situation that the air supply pressure is too low or the air supply pressure fluctuates greatly. Therefore, it is suggested that the time to enter the sleep state after unloading should not be too short.